MOTIVATION AS A KEY FACTOR OF ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS: PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES

Abstract

This article examines motivation as a central determinant of organizational effectiveness, synthesizing classical and contemporary psychological and behavioral approaches. It describes key motivation theories (self-determination theory, expectancy theory, goal-setting theory, and two-factor theory), the relationship between motivation and job resources and demands (JD-R), the impact of motivation on performance and the risk of burnout, as well as empirical data and practical interventions aimed at enhancing autonomous motivation and organizational performance. Recommendations for designing motivational systems and evaluating their effectiveness are presented.