THE SPECTRUM OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN WOMEN WITH SUBCLINICAL AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the spectrum of reproductive disorders in women with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism.
Materials and methods. Reproductive health characteristics were assessed in 51 women with stage I–II diffuse goiter and hypothyroidism who sought medical care for menstrual irregularities at the Kashkadarya Branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Endocrinology named after Academician Yo.Kh. Turakulov, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, during 2025. The control group comprised 20 healthy women without menstrual irregularities. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 included 23 women with subclinical hypothyroidism; Group 2 included 28 women with overt hypothyroidism; and Group 3 was the control group of 20 healthy women.
Results. All 51 patients (100%) were aged 18–44 years. Grade 1 obesity was the most common category, affecting 22 women (43.1%); 18 women (35.3%) were overweight, and 11 (21.6%) had grade 2 obesity. In Group 1, a non-significant reduction in pituitary and ovarian hormone levels was observed in the setting of normoprolactinemia and normoandrogenemia. On day 14 of the menstrual cycle, LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were lower than those in the control group; these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In Group 2, a significant reduction in pituitary and ovarian hormone levels was observed alongside marked hyperprolactinemia and impaired ovarian function. Compared with controls, LH and FSH levels on cycle day 14 were significantly lower, whereas free testosterone levels were higher (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The most pronounced menstrual disturbances were observed in women with overt hypothyroidism. The manuscript reports that grade 2 obesity was more frequent in Group 2, affecting 30 of 51 patients (58.8%).