DRUG ALLERGY. THE ROLE OF CYTOKINE GENES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DRUG REACTION

Abstract

Methods for early diagnosis of drug allergy are the gold standard for preventing adverse allergic reactions in patients in the future.
Recently, there is a theory according to which allergic diseases are caused by dysregulation in the immune system associated with increased activation of allergen-specific Th2 clones[1]. The allergic version of the immune system response is now called the type 2 immune response, and normally it ensures the development of humoral immunity. The immunological mechanisms of the formation of the type 2 immune response are associated with the activation of Th2 and ILC2, the synthesis of IgE by B-lymphocytes, the accumulation and activation of eosinophils, basophils and mast cells. All these processes are associated with an increase in the synthesis of cytokines of type 2 immune response by cells: IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13. Normally, the stimulation of the development of Th2 leads to the activation of the humoral link of immunity, without which the normal course of protective reactions against a number of pathogens is impossible, but in allergy such activation acquires the features of pathological inflammation.