CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES AND DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR IMPROVEMENT

Abstract

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of evaluating the efficiency of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and highlights priority directions for their improvement. In the global economy, special economic zones are recognized as a crucial tool for attracting investment, expanding export volume, developing industrial production, stimulating innovation activities, and creating new jobs. The study systematically examines the primary criteria used in evaluating SEZ efficiency, including the volume of foreign direct investment (FDI), export potential, production output, employment levels, tax revenues, innovative activity, infrastructure quality, and the overall impact on regional economic development. Furthermore, the operational practices of Special Economic Zones in Uzbekistan were comparatively assessed against international experience. Based on the research findings, it is substantiated that implementing a comprehensive indicator system for efficiency evaluation, developing digital monitoring mechanisms, enhancing the management system, improving institutional conditions for investors, and supporting innovative projects will directly serve to increase the performance and effectiveness of Special Economic Zones.