THE POLICY OF ELIMINATING ILLITERACY IN SURKHANDARYA DISTRICT IN THE 1920s–1930s AND ITS IDEOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS

Abstract

This article examines the processes of eliminating illiteracy, improving general literacy among the population, and establishing the activities of cultural and educational institutions in Surkhandarya District in the 1920s–1930s. Alongside the social significance of the educational initiatives implemented by the Soviet authorities, the article also explores their ideological dimensions, particularly their role in disseminating communist ideology, shaping public consciousness in accordance with new political requirements, and transforming attitudes toward local cultural heritage. Literacy courses, evening schools, red teahouses, and clubs operating in Surkhandarya District are examined on the basis of historical evidence.