PSYCHOLOGICAL GUIDANCE PROGRAM FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE SENSE OF CAPABILITY FOR EMERGING PLAYERS (AGED 14-16) DURING PENALTY KICK IN SOCCER

Abstract

The research objectives included preparing a psychological guidance program that includes guidelines and instructions for coaches to improve the execution of penalty kicks and adapt psychological stress scales for emerging players aged 14-16 during penalty kick execution. Building and applying the capability scale for emerging players aged 14-16 in penalty kick execution. Identifying the levels of emerging players aged 14-16 in the psychological stress scale and the sense of capability during penalty kick execution. Exploring the relationship between psychological stress and the sense of capability for emerging players aged 14-16 in penalty kick execution before and after implementing the guidance program. Chapter three utilized the descriptive approach with survey methods, correlational relationships, and normative studies, in addition to using the quasi-experimental approach, aligning with the nature of the current study. The research population included (621) emerging players within the first and premier division soccer clubs in Baghdad for the sports season (2022-2023). The researchers divided the samples into a construction sample, an application sample, and experimental survey samples to build psychological stress and capability scales. Chapter four was devoted to discussing and analyzing the results, while chapter five presented the conclusions and recommendations as follows: Considering the research findings, the following important conclusions were reached: The psychological guidance program developed by the researchers during penalty kick execution had a positive and effective role in reducing the degree of psychological stress and increasing the sense of capability among the research sample. The scales constructed by the researchers proved their validity in measuring psychological stress and the sense of capability during penalty kick execution among the research sample. The research sample's level was limited to average psychological stress and capability during penalty kick execution. The results demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between psychological stress and the sense of capability during penalty kick execution. Recommendations included adopting the psychological guidance manual developed by the researchers before and during the training programs for emerging players and training units to reduce psychological stress levels and increase the sense of capability in a scientific manner, especially during penalty kick execution. Utilizing the findings of this study and adopting them as tools to measure psychological stress and increase the sense of capability during penalty kick execution for emerging players.